Zakat Fitrah saw from the arrangement of sentences that form consist of the words "zakat" and "Fitrah". Zakat in language means النمو (increase), البركة (Blessings) and كثرة الخير (the amount of goodness).
Definition of Zakat Fitrah
Meanwhile, according to Syara Zakat is a certain right that is required by Allah on the property of Muslims according to certain measures allocated for certain groups.
Meanwhile, the Fitrah can be interpreted as sacred as the Apostle "كل مولود يولد على فطرة" (each son of Adam was born in a sacred state) and can also be interpreted also by the creation or origin of the human occurrence. The word fitnah refers to the human condition when newly created so that by issuing this zakat man is expected to return to the Fitrah/holy.
The proof of the face of Zakat Fitrah
Among the hadiths that mention about the wisdom of Zakat Fitrah is the following hadith. From Ibn ' Abbaas ibn ' Anhuma, he said,فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ-Baitussaadah الله baitussaadah وسلم-زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ طُهْرَةً لِلصَّائِمِ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ وَطُعْمَةً لِلْمَسَاكِينِ مَنْ أَدَّاهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِىَ زَكَاةٌ مَقْبُولَةٌ وَمَنْ أَدَّاهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِىَ صَدَقَةٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَاتِ.
"Messenger of Allaah ' alaihi wa Sallam requires Zakat Fitrah to purify the people who fast from the idly guru and vile words and also to feed the poor. Whoever does it before the prayer will be accepted and whoever does it after the prayer is regarded as a charity among the various alms. " NARRATED by Abu Dawood (1609); Ibn Maajah, 1827).
Sedanglan orders Zakat Fitrah specifically mentioned in the Prophet's Hadith as follows :
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ε فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى النَّاسِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ عَلَى كُلِّ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. (رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِىُّ ومسلم)
From the mother ' Umar, he said: Bahwasanya Rasulullah SAW, obliged Zakat Fitrah in Ramadan, as many as one Sho ' (3.5) liter of dates or wheat. For every independent Muslim or servant of a man or woman. HSR. Al-Bukhaari and Muslim.
Benefits Of Zakat Fitrah
Quoted from the Book of Az-Zakat fi Al-Islam, p. 322-324 mentions Wisdom Zafat Fitrah as follows:To purify people who fast from vain words and profanity and to cover defects during fasting. Be good at the feast to be perfect. To feed the poor and suffice them so that there is no need to begging on the feast, and too happy them in the feast. Be the feast day of Happiness.
The form of giving each other well to the rich and the poor on the feast. Be rewarded for having charity in the right to receive at the appointed time. Zakat Fitrah is zakat for the body that God set annually on Eid al-Fitri. Zakat Fitrah is a form of gratitude after perfect fasting is implemented.